![]() ![]() Prospective studies can be interventional, observational, or a mix of the two however, retrospective studies are always observational. Retrospective research often requires the analysis of data that were originally collected for reasons other than research (Hess, 2004 Jansen et al., 2005). Data is collected as their symptoms, characteristics, or circumstances change and are related to suspected risk or protection factors to understand the possible causes of the onset and development of the outcome. Individuals are followed over a long period of time and are observed for the development of the outcome. In prospective studies, on the other hand, the outcome has not yet happened at the time of study. ![]() The study goes back to the time when they were disease-free, and data from this time leading up to the outcome are collected and analyzed to understand the onset and progress of the disease/condition. study (retrospective study based on recall of the exposure). electronic health records (EHRs) retrospective studies cohort studies retrospective cohort studies case-control studies comparative effectiveness. In medicine and psychology, medical records and interviews could be used to collect past information about a group of patients with a particular medical condition. This short article gives a brief guide to the different study types and a comparison of. The module has simple and comprehensive design, which covers a short introduction to cohort study and description of measures. This data is then analyzed to understand what could have led to the outcome. Individuals are sampled and information about them is collected from the past. In this kind of study, the outcome has already happened when the study is being conducted. A retrospective study design involves collecting data from the past to examine exposures to suspected risk or protection factors in relation to an outcome that is established at the beginning of the study.
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